Egypt
General InformationCountry:The Arab Republic of Egypt
Capital:Cairo
Area:About 1,001,450 square kilometers
Population:About 78,600,000。Among them, about 87% are Arabians，and about 11.8% are Copts.
Official language:Arabic, English and French
Religion:Islam is the state religion, with 90% followers。The others are Christians and some orthodox Jews.
Currency:Egypt Pound
Time difference:Earlier two hours than Greenwich Time
Administrative Divisions:The whole country is divided into 27 provinces，with 5 city provinces，8 provinces of upper Egypt，9 provinces of lower Egypt and 5 frontier provinces of desert area; and it contains county, city, district and village.
Important traditional festival：Sham al-Naseem, Ramadan，Egyptian Christmas, Moulid an-Nabi
Cairo
it has 17,393 square kilometers，with 16,840,000 population，as 24.8% of Egyptians. It is the largest city of Africa and Middle East, and one of the largest and oldest ones in the world; and with the name of “mother of city”, it has the most place of historical interest, such as pyramid of old Egypt, Sphinx，old church of Christianism and Islamism, mosque, castes and so on.
Alexander
Alexander is the second largest city in Egypt, the largest port in Egypt and east of the Mediterranean; meanwhile, it is the center of transportation and industry, named as “ the second capital”, with 40% industry there, mainly steel, shipbuilding, oil refining, textile, chemical fertilizer, and cement. Alexander port has a quantity of shipment of 75% import and export, called the famous cotton market.
Egypt is flat, with 94.5% desert and 5.5% cultivated land.
The Nile flows through African continent, from its south to north, with the total length of 6700 km, and 1530km lays in Egypt.
According to physical geography, Egypt is divided into four districts: the Nile valley and delta, western Libya desert, east Arab desert and Sinai Peninsula. the Nile valley and delta are flat; western Libya desert, the northeast of Sahara Desert, is the plateau from south to north; Sinai Peninsula has an area of about 60,000 square km, with lots of deserts, and the south with the highest peak of 2629 m.
The south of Cairo is called Upper Egypt, and the north is called Lower Egypt.
It is dry and rainless. The Nile delta and northern ocean district are Mediterranean type of climate, with average temperature of １２℃ on January and ２６℃ on July；yearly average precipitation is from 50 to 200mm. The other places are almost hot desert of climate, hot and dry, with ４０℃ in desert and less than 30mm of yearly average precipitation.
Egypt is one of developed countries in Africa industry. Textile and food processing are traditional industry, with more than half GDP. Ready-made suits and leather goods, building material, cement, fertilizer, pharmacy, porcelain and furniture are all developing fast in the last decades, especially petroleum industry.
With a long history and splendid civilization,Egypt enjoys many places of interest, such as pyramid of old Egypt, Sphinx, al-Azhar Mosque, castle, Greco-Roman museum, Al-Montazah Palace, LuxorAmon Temple, Temple of Karnack, Valley of the Kings, Aswan Dam and so on. Tourism income is one of the major exchange revenue.Excluding taxes for financial source, canal income, tourism income, overseas remittance and oil earnings are four large pillar of GDP.
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